IFES Election Guide | Country Profile: Panama

Republic of Panama

4,226,197
Population (as of Feb. 8, 2019)

3,004,083
Registered Voters (as of Jan. 29, 2024)

72.07%
Average Turnout

14
Elections in our database

V-Dem* Score: 0.726
Regimes of the World Classification: Electoral Democracy
*Varieties of Democracy Electoral Democracy Index (2024)

CEDAW Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: June 26, 1980
Ratified Date: Oct. 29, 1981

SIGI* Score: 15.2
Level of Discrimination: Very Low
*Social Institutions and Gender Index (2023)

CRPD Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: March 30, 2007
Ratified Date: Aug. 7, 2007

HDI* Score: 0.839
Category: Very High
*UNDP Human Development Index (2023)

Name	Official Name	Type
Panamanian Presidency	None	Head of State & Government
Panamanian National Assembly	Asamblea Nacional	Assembly

Description of government structure:

Chief of State: President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
Head of Government: President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
Assembly: Panama has a unicameral National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) with 71 seats.

Description of electoral system:

The President is elected by simple majority vote to serve a 5-year term.
In the National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional), 45 members are elected by open list proportional representation in multi-member constituencies to serve 5-year terms and 26 members are elected by plurality vote in single-member constituencies to serve 5-year terms.
- Seat allocation in the MMDs is in three stages. First, the total valid poll in any district is divided by the number of seats in that district. The result is the "electoral quotient." The number of votes for each party is divided by the electoral quotient, and the result is the number of seats in the district to which each party is entitled. Second, any remaining seats in the district are allocated to parties that have received at least one half an electoral quotient, but not a full electoral quotient, in descending order from largest to smallest vote share. Third, any remaining seats in the district are allocated to individual candidates in descending order from largest to smallest personal vote share.

Elections

2024-05-05 | Status: Held
Panamanian Presidency
Votes 2,332,864
Registered 3,004,083
Turnout 77.66

2024-05-05 | Status: Held
Panamanian National Assembly
Votes 2,264,372
Registered 3,004,083
Turnout 75.38

2019-05-05 | Status: Held
Panamanian Presidency
Votes 2,011,300
Registered 2,757,823
Turnout 72.93

2019-05-05 | Status: Held
Panamanian National Assembly
Votes 1,950,103
Registered 2,757,823
Turnout 70.71

2014-05-04 | Status: Held
Panamanian National Assembly
Votes 1,847,800
Registered 2,457,401
Turnout 75.19

2014-05-04 | Status: Held
Panamanian Presidency
Votes 1,886,208
Registered 2,457,401
Turnout 76.76

2009-05-03 | Status: Held
Panamanian Presidency
Votes 1,636,508
Registered 2,211,261
Turnout 74.01

2009-05-03 | Status: Held
Panamanian National Assembly
Votes 1,603,937
Registered 2,211,261
Turnout 72.53

2006-10-22 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 924,029
Registered 2,132,842
Turnout 43.32

2004-05-02 | Status: Held
Panamanian National Assembly
Votes 1,524,976
Registered 1,999,553
Turnout 76.27

2004-05-02 | Status: Held
Panamanian Presidency
Votes 1,537,714
Registered 1,999,553
Turnout 76.9

1999-05-02 | Status: Held
Panamanian Presidency
Votes 1,326,663
Registered 1,746,989
Turnout 75.94

1999-05-02 | Status: Held
Panamanian National Assembly
Votes 1,326,663
Registered 1,746,989
Turnout 75.94

1998-08-30 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 1,124,112
Registered 1,718,870
Turnout 65.4

Election For	Date	Status	Votes	Registered Voters	Turnout
Panamanian Presidency	2024-05-05	Held	2,332,864	3,004,083	77.66
Panamanian National Assembly	2024-05-05	Held	2,264,372	3,004,083	75.38
Panamanian Presidency	2019-05-05	Held	2,011,300	2,757,823	72.93
Panamanian National Assembly	2019-05-05	Held	1,950,103	2,757,823	70.71
Panamanian National Assembly	2014-05-04	Held	1,847,800	2,457,401	75.19
Panamanian Presidency	2014-05-04	Held	1,886,208	2,457,401	76.76
Panamanian Presidency	2009-05-03	Held	1,636,508	2,211,261	74.01
Panamanian National Assembly	2009-05-03	Held	1,603,937	2,211,261	72.53
Referendum	2006-10-22	Held	924,029	2,132,842	43.32
Panamanian National Assembly	2004-05-02	Held	1,524,976	1,999,553	76.27
Panamanian Presidency	2004-05-02	Held	1,537,714	1,999,553	76.9
Panamanian Presidency	1999-05-02	Held	1,326,663	1,746,989	75.94
Panamanian National Assembly	1999-05-02	Held	1,326,663	1,746,989	75.94
Referendum	1998-08-30	Held	1,124,112	1,718,870	65.4

Voter Turnout

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