At Stake in this Election:  

• All 224 seats in the House of Nationalities (Amyotha Hlutaw) 

• Elections for the House of People’s Representatives (Pyithu Hluttaw) are being held concurrently. 

Note: Plase one of elections will be held on 28 December 2025. Phase two is expected to be held on 11 January 2026 and phase three on 25 January 2026.  

Government Structure: 

• Chief of State: Acting President Senior General MIN AUNG HLAING (since 31 July 2025) 

• Head of Government: Prime Minister NYO SAW (since 31 July 2025) 

• • Note: The Acting President and Prime Minister took office as part of the dissolution of the State Administrative Council (SAC) in July 2025 and the transition back to the National Defense and Security Council (NDSC). Both the Acting President and Prime Minister were leaders of the 2021 military coup. 

• Assembly: bicameral Assembly of the Union (Pyidaungsu Hluttaw), comprised of the 440-seat-maximum House of People’s Representatives (Pyithu Hluttaw) and the 224-seat-maximum House of Nationalities (Amyotha Hluttaw). 

• • Note: Both houses of parliament were suspended by the military junta in 2021. 

Electoral System: 

• Per the Constitution, the President and Vice Presidents are indirectly elected via a Presidential Electoral College, which is comprised of three distinct groups of parliamentary representatives. Each group nominates a Vice President, who can be a member of parliament but is not required to be. Of these three Vice President nominees, the full Electoral College elects one nominee to serve as President. The remaining nominees serve as Vice Presidents. Both the President and Vice Presidents serve 5-year terms, renewable once. 

• Per the Constitution, no more than 330 members of the House of People’s Representatives (Pyithu Hluttaw) are directly elected from townships across the country and no more than 110 members are nominated by the military. Members serve a 5-year term. 

• Prior to the coup and per the Constitution, 168 members of the Amyotha Hluttaw are directly elected. Each region or state is allocated 12 representatives, and each self-administered division or zone receives one representative. The other 58 members of the House of Nationalities (Amyotha Hluttaw) are nominated by the military.  

Last Election: 

The last election for the House of Nationalities was held on 8 November 2020. The National League for Democracy won 138 seats and the Union Solidarity and Development Party won 7 seats. All other parties won less than 5 seats. Voter turnout was 70%.   

Information for Voters: 

၂၀၂၅ ခုနှစ် ပါတီစုံဒီမိုကရေစီအထွေထွေရွေးကောက်ပွဲ / 2025 Multi-Party Democratic General Election (in Burmese) 

New/Unique in this Election: 

This is the first election in Myanmar since a military coup deposed the incumbent government of Aung San Suu Kyi in 2021, claiming in part that the election results were fraudulent. As a result, there are substantial changes to the electoral system, including switching to a proportional representation system. 

Main Parties in this Election: 

There are 63 parties in total that have been granted registration for the upcoming elections. The full party list can be viewed here. 

Country Context: 

• Population: 54,500,091 (2024 estimate) 

• Registered Voters: n/a 

• V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index Score: 0.083 (2024) 

• V-Dem Regimes of the World Classification: Closed Autocracy (2024) 

• Human Development Index (HDI) Position: 0.609, Medium (2023 estimate) 

Gender Data: 

• Female Population: 27,371,250 (2024 estimate) 

• CEDAW Status: Ascended 22 Jul 1997 

• Gender Quota:  n/a 

• Female Candidates in this election: n/a 

• Number of Female Legislators (pre-election): n/a 

• Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) Categorization: 47 (2025 estimate) 

Disability Data: 

• CRPD Status: Ascended 7 Dec 2011 

• Projected population with a disability: 8,720,014 (2024)