At Stake in this Election:  

• 20 of the 90 seats in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong 

Government Structure: 

• Chief of State: President Xi JINPING (since 14 Mar 2013) 

• Head of Government: Chief Executive John KC LEE (since 1 Jul 2022) 

• Assembly: unicameral Legislative Council with 90 seats  

Electoral System: 

• The President is indirectly elected by the National People’s Congress of China to a 5-year term.  

• The Chief Executive is indirectly elected by the 1500-member Election Committee, which is comprised of representatives from a broad range of sectors, including labor, professionals, finance, industry, and government. The Chief Executive is elected to a once renewable 5-year term.  

• 40 members of the Legislative Council are indirectly elected by the Election Committee. 30 members are indirectly elected through functional constituencies, which each represent a sector. The remaining 20 are elected through plurality vote in 10 geographic constituencies. All 90 members of the Legislative Council are elected to a 4-year term.  

Last Election: 

In the last election in 2021, the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong won a majority of directly elected seats with 13. Voter turnout was 30%. 

Information for Voters: 

Election Brief (in English) 

Key Deadlines: 

• Candidate filing deadline: 6 Nov 2025 

• Voter registration deadline: 25 Sep 2025 

Main Parties in this Election: 

• Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong 

• • Seats won in the last election: 13 seats out of 20 

• Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions 

• • Seats won in the last election: 3 seats out of 20 

• New People’s Party 

• • Seats won in the last election: 2 seats out of 20 

• Roundtable 

• • Seats won in the last election: 1 seat out of 20 

• Professional Power 

• • Seats won in the last election: 1 seat out of 20 

• Kowloon West New Dynamic 

• • Seats won in the last election: 1 seat out of 20 

• Liberal Party 

• • Seats won in the last election: 0 seats out of 20 

• NIL 

• • Seats won in the last election: 0 seats out of 20 

• Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong 

• • Seats won in the last election: 0 seats out of 20 

• New Territories Association of Societies 

• • Seats won in the last election: 0 seats out of 20 

• Civil Force 

• • Seats won in the last election: 0 seats out of 20 

Country Context: 

• Population: 7,524,100 (2024 est.) 

• Registered Voters: 4,138,992 (2025) 

• V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index Score: 0.17 (2025) 

• V-Dem Regimes of the World Classification: Closed Autocracy (2025) 

• Human Development Index (HDI) Position: 0.955, Very High, Rank 8 (2023) 

Gender Data: 

• Female Population: 4,134,633 (2024 est.) 

• CEDAW Status: Not applicable. 

• Gender Quota:  No 

• Female Candidates in this election: Yes 

• Number of Female Legislators (pre-election): 17 out of 90 (19%) in the Legislative Council 

• Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) Categorization: 25.9 (2023) 

Disability Data: 

• CRPD Status: Not applicable. 

• Projected population with a disability: 1,203,856 (2024 est.) 

IFES Resources: 

• Election Judgments: Yes, 1 judgement