Description of government structure:

• Chief of State: President Andrzej DUDA (since 6 August 2015)
• Head of Government: Prime Minster Mateusz MORAWIECKI (since 11 December 2017)
• Assembly: Bicameral Parliament consisting of the Senate (Senat) with 100 seats and the Sejm with 460 seats.

Description of electoral system:

• The President is elected by absolute majority vote through a two-round system to serve a 5-year term.  
• The Prime Minister is nominated by the president and confirmed by the Sejm.
• In the Senate, 100 members are elected by plurality vote in single-member constituencies to serve 4-year terms. In the Sejm, 460 members are elected through an open-list proportional representation system to serve 4-year terms.
  • There are 41 multi-member constituencies consisting of anywhere between 7 and 20 seats. Electors are required to cast a preferential vote for the candidate of their choice. All preferential votes are tabulated as votes for the candidate's party.
  • Each party must earn at least 5% of the national vote to receive a seat, and each coalition must earn at least 8% of the vote.  Minority parties are exempt from these threshold requirements.